Using a systematic literature review to build a framework for University-Industry Linkages using open innovation

Open innovation is a hot topic which currently facilitates the establishment of links between Universities and Industry. Thus, the primary goal of this research is to synthetize the existing literature by establishing a University-Industry relationship with Open Innovation. In this scenario, we also identify the extent to which open innovation is improving innovation ecosystems in terms of promoting smart and responsible innovation. To do so, we have used a systematic literature review, which is considered an adequate method to study the state of the art of a given topic. In light of the above, we performed 1) a quantitative assessment of 50 articles by using bibliometric tools and 2) a qualitative analysis of the literature to identify meaningful relationships between articles. As a result, the literature evidenced a trinomial relationship between Universities, Society and Industries, which are interestingly far more exploited than the Education and Research. Given the noticeable importance of producing knowledge and dissemination of that information, we believe Universities will continue to have a prominent centrality in society in that regard; however, current data leads us to believe that the Universities success of producing knowledge highly depends on the efficiency of each countries to establish effective political actions.