Neurofeedback por EEG no PHDA em crianças : uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) impacts neurodevelopment, tends to be diagnosed throughout school years and presents a 5% prevalence (APA, 2013). Neurofeedback (NF) in a clinical context emerges as a complementary aid on the treatment and attenuation of ADHD symptoms. This technique aims to train specific cerebral circuits or frequencies on a given band or frequency and its recording is through electroencephalography (EEG). Through the quantitative analysis of EEG, it’s possible to separate the signal into specific components and this constitutes a potential way to evaluate the impact of Neurofeedback on the circuits trained. The current systematic review has as its goals to analyze of the protocols, methodology and procedures involved in NF not only based on EEG outcomes but also in other measures (i.e., neuropsychological, behavioral and questionnaires) as this will allow to determinate if NF constitutes an efficient treatment for ADHD. Nevertheless, inclusion criteria were applied to this systematic review to circumscribe the results: (a) all articles published, (b) participants age must range between and 0 e 17 years old, (c) ADHD diagnosis following DSM criteria or similar, (d) blind or double randomized clinical trials only, (e) must include other measures besides EEG must be present and (f) standardized NF protocols (TBR, SMR, SCP). The only exclusion criteria were participants presenting comorbidities. Therefore, the present study aims to systematically analyze the influence of Neurofeedback in children with ADHD through qEEG, investigating the state of the art as a potential treatment for ADHD, as well as its protocols and methodology implemented. All results lead to the conclusion that NF is indeed an efficient treatment to ADHD, as the results show improvements on the measures applied to distal and most proximal informants. The questionnaires applied to the participants and their EEG results also show an improvement however shorter once compared to the informants. Concerning its main goal, the NF protocols currently implemented lack homogeneity compromising its efficiency

Date of Award	2022
Original language	Portuguese
Supervisor	ANA RITA PEREIRA DA CRUZ (Supervisor) & JORGE ALEXANDRE GASPAR OLIVEIRA (Supervisor)