Efeito da temperatura ambiente na performance física e antecipatória em futebolistas seniores femininas

Abstract

This doctoral thesis integrated three scientific studies and its general aim was to analyze the effect of ambient temperature on physical and anticipatory performance in elite female soccer players after performing an intermittent exercise protocol. Moreover, the specific aims were: (i) to systematically identify, select and analyze the literature on the relationship that the effect of ambient temperature has on the physical demands and anticipatory judgments of soccer players during the performance of football-specific exercise protocols; (ii) to analyze the effect of an intermittent exercise protocol on strenght in Portuguese elite soccer players through the countermovement jump test and (iii) to analyze the effect of ambient temperature on physical and anticipatory skills in female footballers during the performance of an intermittent exercise protocol. In the first study, the databases used were PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science. The second study (pilot) evaluated the effect of an intermittent exercise protocol on strenght using the countermovement jump test in 12 elite Portuguese soccer players. The third experimental study analyzed how high ambient temperature (38º C) impact the physical performance and anticipatory ability of 21 elite female soccer players during a fatigue-inducing intermittent exercise protocol. The participants performed countermovement jump and responded to offensive game actions filmed in ambient temperature conditions of 20º C and 38º C, with a one-week interval between conditions. The results obtained from the different studies showed: (i) 1,289 scientific studies were found in the specialist literature, however none of the articles met the P.I.C.O.S. criteria adopted, resulting in a total of zero eligible articles; (ii) elite female footballers showed a significant decrease in countermovement jump (p < 0. 01) between the two moments (pre- vs. post-protocol); (iii) in mild ambient temperature conditions, and after performing the intermittent exercise protocol, the female footballers showed a reduction in countermovement jump performance values (p<0.05), but this reduction was greater when the participants were exposed to high ambient temperature conditions (p<0.05). Exposure to high ambient temperature also caused significant decreases in the footballers' anticipatory ability when compared to mild ambient temperature conditions (64.41% vs 53.44%; p<0.001). Thus, this doctoral thesis has shown that there is a lack of scientific studies to better understand the effect that ambient temperature has on the physical and anticipatory performance of football players; the intermittent exercise protocol to which elite football players were subjected induced a reduction in the countermovement jump performance; and, finally, exposure to exercise in high ambient temperature significantly reduced the physical and cognitive performance of female elite football players. Keywords: Soccer; Female; Strength; Anticipation; Environmental conditions 

Date of Award	2024
Original language	Portuguese
Supervisor	Filipe Luís Martins Casanova (Supervisor) & Júlio Aalejandro Henriques da Costa (Supervisor)