On/Offline–Communication practices used by Portuguese feminist groups

This article presents an exploratory study of the communication practices, both online and offline, used by feminist associations and informal collectives in Portugal. Drawing on 63 valid responses to a national survey, it provides a snapshot of how feminist actors navigate communication in a hybrid media landscape, focusing on self-reported practices and preferences. Findings reveal a strong reliance on social media platforms (particularly Facebook and Instagram) alongside the continued use of email and offline tactics such as public demonstrations and coalition-building. This hybrid approach reflects the adaptability of feminist actors to evolving media logics, while also inviting critical reflection on the structural constraints and exclusions these practices may reproduce. The article contributes to feminist media and communication scholarship by contextualizing Portuguese feminist practices within broader historical trajectories and transnational currents, highlighting communication as both a strategic tool and a contested arena of power, resistance, and visibility.