TY - JOUR
T1 - Cannabidiol and Terpene Formulation Reducing SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity Tackling a Therapeutic Strategy
AU - Santos, Susana
AU - Barata, Pedro
AU - Charmier, Adilia
AU - Lehmann, Inês
AU - Rodrigues, Suzilaine
AU - Melosini, Matteo M.
AU - Pais, Patrick J.
AU - Sousa, André P.
AU - Teixeira, Catarina
AU - Santos, Inês
AU - Rocha, Ana Catarina
AU - Baylina, Pilar
AU - Fernandes, Ruben
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 Santos, Barata, Charmier, Lehmann, Rodrigues, Melosini, Pais, Sousa, Teixeira, Santos, Rocha, Baylina and Fernandes.
PY - 2022/2/15
Y1 - 2022/2/15
N2 - In late 2019, COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China. Currently, it is an ongoing global health threat stressing the need for therapeutic compounds. Linking the virus life cycle and its interaction with cell receptors and internal cellular machinery is key to developing therapies based on the control of infectivity and inflammation. In this framework, we evaluate the combination of cannabidiol (CBD), as an anti-inflammatory molecule, and terpenes, by their anti-microbiological properties, in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Our group settled six formulations combining CBD and terpenes purified from Cannabis sativa L, Origanum vulgare, and Thymus mastichina. The formulations were analyzed by HPLC and GC-MS and evaluated for virucide and antiviral potential by in vitro studies in alveolar basal epithelial, colon, kidney, and keratinocyte human cell lines. Conclusions and Impact: We demonstrate the virucide effectiveness of CBD and terpene-based formulations. F2TC reduces the infectivity by 17%, 24%, and 99% for CaCo-2, HaCat, and A549, respectively, and F1TC by 43%, 37%, and 29% for Hek293T, HaCaT, and Caco-2, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach that tackles the combination of CBD with a specific group of terpenes against SARS-CoV-2 in different cell lines. The differential effectiveness of formulations according to the cell line can be relevant to understanding the pattern of virus infectivity and the host inflammation response, and lead to new therapeutic strategies.
AB - In late 2019, COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China. Currently, it is an ongoing global health threat stressing the need for therapeutic compounds. Linking the virus life cycle and its interaction with cell receptors and internal cellular machinery is key to developing therapies based on the control of infectivity and inflammation. In this framework, we evaluate the combination of cannabidiol (CBD), as an anti-inflammatory molecule, and terpenes, by their anti-microbiological properties, in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Our group settled six formulations combining CBD and terpenes purified from Cannabis sativa L, Origanum vulgare, and Thymus mastichina. The formulations were analyzed by HPLC and GC-MS and evaluated for virucide and antiviral potential by in vitro studies in alveolar basal epithelial, colon, kidney, and keratinocyte human cell lines. Conclusions and Impact: We demonstrate the virucide effectiveness of CBD and terpene-based formulations. F2TC reduces the infectivity by 17%, 24%, and 99% for CaCo-2, HaCat, and A549, respectively, and F1TC by 43%, 37%, and 29% for Hek293T, HaCaT, and Caco-2, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach that tackles the combination of CBD with a specific group of terpenes against SARS-CoV-2 in different cell lines. The differential effectiveness of formulations according to the cell line can be relevant to understanding the pattern of virus infectivity and the host inflammation response, and lead to new therapeutic strategies.
KW - CBD - cannabidiol
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - endocannabinoid system (ECS)
KW - essential oil (EO)
KW - formulations
KW - terpenes
KW - therapeutics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85125583629&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841459
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841459
M3 - Article
C2 - 35242142
AN - SCOPUS:85125583629
SN - 1664-3224
VL - 13
JO - Frontiers in Immunology
JF - Frontiers in Immunology
M1 - 841459
ER -